八年級上冊英語知識點歸納總結

【重點單詞】

1. healthy(同義詞)fit(名詞)health

2. win(過去式)won(名詞)winner

3. ski(現在分詞)skiing

4. famous(比較級)more famous

5. arrive(同義詞)reach

6. leave(過去式))left

7. popular(最高級)most popular

【重點短語】

1. during the summer holidays在暑假期間

2. between…and…在兩者之間

3. cheer sb. on爲某人加油

4. prefer doing sth.更喜歡做某事

5. quite a bit/a lot很多

6. plan to do sth.計劃做某事

7. have a skating club舉辦滑雪俱樂部

8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking去滑雪/滑冰/騎車/爬山/遠足

9. arrive in/at到達

10. play against…與……對抗/較量

11. for long很久

12. leave for…動身去…

13. the day after tomorrow後天

14. China’s national team中國國家隊

15. play baseball打棒球

16. at least至少

17. What a shame! 多羞愧！

18. be good at善於做某事

19. take part in參加

20. all over the world全世界

21. be good for對……有益

22. a good way一種好方法

23. keep fit/healthy保持健康

24. relax oneself放鬆某人自己

【重點句型】

1. What’s your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜愛的運動是什麼?

2. Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better?你更喜歡什麼運動?

I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜歡滑雪.

3. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑雪嗎?

4. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小時在體育館.

5. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping. 她棒球打得相當好而且擅長於跳.

6. What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜歡哪種運動?

7. Would you like to come and cheer us on? 你願意來爲我們加油嗎？

8. What are you going to be when you grow up? 當你長大後做什麼？

9. There is going to be a school sports meet next month.下月有一場運動會。

【考點詳解】

1. see sb. do sth “看見某人做了某事” 強調動作的全過程；

see sb. doing sth. “看見某人正在做某事” 強調動作正在進行。

如：I saw her go across the street. 我看見她過了馬路。

I saw her going across the street. 我看見她正在過馬路。

2. join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”

join + 組織 表示 “加入某個組織”

take part in 表示 “參加某個活動”

如：Will you join us?

I will join the skiing club.

She is planning to take part in the high jump.

3. arrive in + 大地點

arrive at + 小地點

get to + 地點 = reach + 地點

如：My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.

I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.

注意：reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home

4. leave… 離開……

leave for… 動身去…/離開到…

如：They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他們要離開北京。

They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 後天他們要前往日本。

5. a few“幾個，一些” 修飾可數名詞

a little“一點點” 修飾不數名詞

如：There are a few eggs in the basket.

There is a little water in the bottle.

6. how long 表示“多久(時間)”; 提問時間段.

how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提問時間的頻率.

如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. → How long will they stay in Beijing?

He plays basketball twice a week. → How often does he play basketball?

7. be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅長於(做)某事 如：She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.

8. make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某種狀態

keep …sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某種狀態

如：Playing soccer can make your body strong.

Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.

【重點語法】

一般將來時

1. be going to 結構

① 表示主語計劃、打算做某事。這種打算常經過預先考慮並含有自己做好某些準備的意思，因此通常認爲用be going to表達的行動很可能會見諸實踐。

I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.

我打算本週日和同學們一起打籃球。

She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.

她打算爲她媽媽買一件毛衣。

②表預測，指根據跡象推測，而且馬上或很快就要發生。

Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain.

瞧那些烏雲！快要下雨了！

2. will + 動詞原形

表示單純的將來事實，常與表將來的時間狀語如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year…)等連用。will not = won’t; 縮略形式爲’ll.

① 表示作出立即的決定。這種意圖並未經過事先的考慮或計劃，是臨時的一種決定。

---Please put your things away, Tom. 湯姆，把你的東西收拾好。

---I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 對不起。我馬上就去做。

② 表示預測。指說話人對於將來的看法、假設和推測。

I’m sure our team will win next time. 我確信下次我們隊會贏。

Maybe she will go to the gym. 也許她會去體育館。

③ 表示許諾。

I’ll do better next time. 下次我會做得更好的。

I’ll visit you tomorrow. 明天我會去看你的。

句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.

否定句：I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.

一般疑問句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?

回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they won’t.

3. 動詞plan, come, go, leave等瞬時動詞用現在進行時表示將要發生的事。

I’m coming. 我就來。

He is leaving for Shanghai. 他將到上海去。

We are going to Beijing. 我們將去北京。

【重點單詞】

1. 詞形轉換

(1) adj. + ly → adv.

loud → loudly soft → softly quiet → quietly

clear → clearly angry → angrily easy → easily

(2)過去式

fall → fell break → broke lose →lost throw → threw feel → felt

(3)

ill (同義詞)sick (名詞)illness

start(同義詞)begin

far(反義詞)near

smoke(現在分詞)smoking

careless(反義詞)careful

important(比較級) more important

enjoy(現在分詞)enjoying

9.invent(名詞)invention; inventor

indoor(反義詞)outdoor

century(複數)centuries

coach(複數)coaches

feel (名詞)feeling

tiring(近義詞)tired

【重點短語】

1. have a soccer game 進行一場足球賽

2. fall ill 病倒了

3. be a little far from… 離……有點遠

4. right away = at once 立刻;馬上

5. miss a good chance 錯過一個好機會

6. get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分

7. shame on sb. 爲某人感到羞恥

8. do one’s best 盡某人的力

9. say sorry to sb. 對某人說抱歉

10. be sure to do sth. 確定做某事

11. be angry with… 生某人的氣

12. with one’s help= with the help of sb. 在某人的幫助下

13. serve food 上菜

14. turn up/down… 調高/低（音量）

15. keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事

16. in a minute 一分鐘後；馬上

17. on the phone 在電話中

18. take a seat 就坐

19. never mind 不要緊

20. a lot of traveling 一系列旅行

21. love/enjoy doing sth. 喜愛做某事

22. have a very exciting life 過着非常興奮的生活

23. as well 也

24. throw…into… 把……投進……

25. follow/obey the rules 遵守規則

26. over a century later 一個多世紀後

27. more and more people 越來越多的人

28. feel tired 感到疲勞

29. instead of… 替代……

30. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事

31. make a plan for sb. 爲某人訂一份計劃

32. build up 增進;增強

33. have fun doing sth. 樂於做…..做某事

34. be important to 對於......來說是重要

35. in a minute/ at once/ right away 立刻/馬上

【重點句型】

1. Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand? 你能幫我嗎？

2. Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好嗎？

3. Would you mind not smoking here? 你不要在這裏抽菸好嗎？

4. You are always so careless. 你總是這樣粗心大意.

5. I’m very sorry for what I said. 我爲所說感到到道歉。

6. We are sure to win next time 下次，我們一定回贏。

7. Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you. 讓我爲你買一個新的。

8. He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他爲他的學生們發明了一項室內運動以便他們甚至在惡劣的天氣也能玩。

9. And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一隻手或兩隻手投擲它。

10. I have great fun running and I feel well and look fit 我總是快樂地跑步和我感到很好，看上去很健康。

【考點詳解】

1. ill 與 sick 都表示 “生病的”, ill只能作表語，而sick既可作表語也可作定語。

The man is ill/sick. 那個男人病了. (作表語)

He is a sick man. 他是個病人. (作定語)

2. Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示“(不)做某事介意/好嗎?”

Would you mind coming and checking it? 來修理它好嗎?

Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在這兒吸菸好/介意嗎?

3. one of + 名詞複數，表示 “其中之一……”, 主語是one，表單數。

One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一個隊友又高又壯。

4. miss 錯過，思念，遺失

I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我錯過最後一班車.

He missed his mother. 他想念他的母親.

My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把鑰匙弄丟了.

5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “確定做某事”

We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.

我們確信下次一定會贏。

6. be sorry for… “爲某事抱歉”

be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”

I am very sorry for what I said. 我爲我所說的話感到抱歉。

I’m sorry I lost your book. = I’m sorry to lose your book. 很抱歉弄丟你的書。

7. tired adj. “（感到）疲憊的” , 主語是人。

如：I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.

tiring adj. “令人疲勞的”, 主語是事物

如：This job is tiring. 這份工作令人疲憊.

類似的有: excited 感到興奮的 exciting 令人興奮的

interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的

8. 15-year-old “15歲的”；15 years old “15歲”

如：He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.

9. instead “替代，相反”, 一般單獨使用，放在句末，前面用逗號隔開。

instead of…“替代……;而不是……”

I won’t go to Shanghai. I’ll go to Beijing, instead. 我不會去上海而會去北京。= I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.

I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了許多牛奶而不是水。

10. have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “從做…….中獲得樂趣”

如：I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我總能在跑步中得到很大樂趣。

【重點短語】

1. join the English club 加入英語俱樂部

2. host the 2008 Olympics 舉辦2008年奧運會

3. fill out 填出/填好

4. go on 發生，進行

5. all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方

6. quite a lot 相當多

7. make friends with… 與……交朋友

8. be afraid of 恐怕

9. be free 有空

10. see you then 再見

11. win the first gold medal 贏得第一枚金牌

12. get 28 gold medals 獲得28枚金牌

13. the winner of the first gold medal 第一枚金牌的獲勝者

14. every four years 每四年，每隔三年

15. the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奧運會的吉祥物

16. behave well 舉止得體

17. improve the environment 改善環境

18. plant trees and grass 種植花草樹木

19. a symbol of… 一種……的象徵

20. stand for 代表

21. the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分

22. do morning exercises 做早操

23. be fond of (doing) sth. 喜歡(做)某事

【重點句型】

1. Could you tell me your name? 你能告訴我你的名字嗎?

= What’s your name?

2. What do you do? = What’s your job? = What are you? 你是幹什麼的?

3. Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics. 北京將主辦2008年奧運會。

4. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now. 現在越來越多的外國朋友搭我的出租車.

5. Speaking English will help me a lot. 說英語將對我有很大幫助。

6. Please fill it out. 請把它填好.

7. What will the weather be like this weekend? = How will the weather be this weekend? 本週末的天氣怎樣?

8. There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京將會有更多的馬路.

9. When shall we meet? 我們什麼時候見面？

10. Let’s make it half past six. 咱們把時間定在六點半吧。

【考點詳解】

1. fill out + 名詞 “填好……”

fill + 名詞/代詞+out

如：Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 請填好這張表格。

Please fill it/them out. (當賓語是代詞時, 只能放中間) 請把它(們)填好。

2. be afraid…“恐怕” 指有禮貌地、委婉地拒絕別人.

be afraid of…“害怕(做)……”

如：I’m afraid I won’t be free. 我恐怕沒有空。

He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗。

They are afraid of losing the game. 他們害怕輸了比賽.

3. may be“可能是……” may是情態動詞

maybe“或許; 可能” maybe是副詞

如：He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老師。

He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字。

4. between 在兩者之間

among 在三者或三者以上當中

如：The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之間。

The winner is among of us. 獲勝者在我們當中。

5. There be 句型的一般將來時

正：There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.

= There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.

誤：There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.

= There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.